鎮ㄥソ锛屾杩庝締鍒扮董搴浕瀛愬競鍫寸恫(w菐ng)
鐧婚寗 | 鍏嶈不(f猫i)娉ㄥ唺(c猫)
鍖栧(xu茅)鑳借綁(zhu菐n)鎻涙垚闆昏兘鐨勮缃彨鍖栧(xu茅)闆绘睜锛屼竴鑸啊绋辩偤闆绘睜銆傛斁闆诲悗锛岃兘澶犵敤鍏呴浕鐨勬柟寮忎娇鍏�(n猫i)閮ㄦ椿鎬х墿璩�(zh矛)鍐嶇敓鈥斺�旀妸闆昏兘鍎�(ch菙)瀛樼偤鍖栧(xu茅)鑳�;闇�瑕佹斁闆绘檪(sh铆)鍐嶆鎶婂寲瀛�(xu茅)鑳借綁(zhu菐n)鎻涚偤闆昏兘銆傚皣閫欓闆绘睜绋辩偤钃勯浕姹�(Storage Battery)锛屼篃绋变簩娆￠浕姹犮�傛墍璎傝搫闆绘睜鍗虫槸璨瓨鍖栧(xu茅)鑳介噺锛屼簬蹇呰鏅�(sh铆)鏀惧嚭闆昏兘鐨勪竴绋浕姘ｅ寲瀛�(xu茅)瑷�(sh猫)鍌�銆�
钃勯浕姹�(Storage Battery)鏄皣鍖栧(xu茅)鑳界洿鎺ヨ綁(zhu菐n)鍖栨垚闆昏兘鐨勪竴绋缃紝鏄寜鍙啀鍏呴浕瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鐨勯浕姹�锛岄�氶亷鍙�嗙殑鍖栧(xu茅)鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)瀵�(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鍐嶅厖闆伙紝閫氬父鏄寚閴涢吀钃勯浕姹�锛屽畠鏄浕姹犱腑鐨勪竴绋�锛屽爆浜庝簩娆￠浕姹�銆傚畠鐨勫伐浣滃師鐞嗭細鍏呴浕鏅�(sh铆)鍒╃敤澶栭儴鐨勯浕鑳戒娇鍏�(n猫i)閮ㄦ椿鎬х墿璩�(zh矛)鍐嶇敓锛屾妸闆昏兘鍎�(ch菙)瀛樼偤鍖栧(xu茅)鑳�锛岄渶瑕佹斁闆绘檪(sh铆)鍐嶆鎶婂寲瀛�(xu茅)鑳借綁(zhu菐n)鎻涚偤闆昏兘杓稿嚭锛屾瘮濡傜敓娲讳腑甯哥敤鐨勬墜姗�(j墨)闆绘睜绛�銆�
瀹冪敤濉豢娴风犊鐙�閴涚殑閴涘熀鏉挎煹(鍙堢ū鏍煎瓙楂�)浣滆矤(f霉)妤碉紝濉豢浜屾哀鍖栭墰鐨勯墰鍩烘澘鏌典綔姝ｆサ锛屽苟鐢ㄥ瘑搴�1.26--1.33g/mlg/ml鐨勭█纭吀浣滈浕瑙ｈ唱(zh矛)銆傞浕姹犲湪鏀鹃浕鏅�(sh铆)锛岄噾灞墰鏄矤(f霉)妤碉紝鐧�(f膩)鐢熸哀鍖栧弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岀敓鎴愮～閰搁墰;浜屾哀鍖栭墰鏄妤�锛岀櫦(f膩)鐢熼倓鍘熷弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛岀敓鎴愮～閰搁墰銆傞浕姹犲湪鐢ㄧ洿娴侀浕鍏呴浕鏅�(sh铆)锛屽叐妤靛垎鍒ョ敓鎴愬柈璩�(zh矛)閴涘拰浜屾哀鍖栭墰銆傜Щ鍘婚浕婧愬悗锛屽畠鍙堟仮寰�(f霉)鍒版斁闆诲墠鐨勭媭鎱�(t脿i)锛岀祫鎴愬寲瀛�(xu茅)闆绘睜銆傞墰钃勯浕姹犺兘鍙嶅京(f霉)鍏呴浕銆佹斁闆�锛屽畠鐨勫柈楂旈浕澹撴槸2V锛岄浕姹犳槸鐢变竴鍊�(g猫)鎴栧鍊�(g猫)鍠珨妲�(g貌u)鎴愮殑闆绘睜绲�锛岀啊绋辫搫闆绘睜锛屾渶甯歌鐨勬槸6V锛屽叾瀹冮倓鏈�2V銆�4V銆�8V銆�24V钃勯浕姹�銆傚姹借粖涓婄敤鐨勮搫闆绘睜(淇楃ū闆荤摱)鏄�6鍊�(g猫)閴涜搫闆绘睜涓茶伅(li谩n)鎴�12V鐨勯浕姹犵祫銆�
灏�(du矛)浜庡偝绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫共鑽烽墰钃勯浕姹�(濡傛苯杌婂共鑽烽浕姹�銆佹懇鎵樿粖骞茶嵎闆绘睜绛�)鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄤ竴娈垫檪(sh铆)闁撳悗瑕佽(b菙)鍏呰捀椁炬按锛屼娇绋�纭吀闆昏В娑蹭繚鎸�1.28g/ml宸﹀彸鐨勫瘑搴�;灏�(du矛)浜庡厤缍(h霉)钃勯浕姹�锛屽叾浣跨敤鐩村埌澹藉懡绲傛閮戒笉鍐嶉渶瑕佹坊鍔犺捀椁炬按銆�
鍖栧(xu茅)鍘熺悊
鏂圭▼寮忓涓嬶細
绺藉弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛歅b(s)+PbO2(s)+2H2SO4(aq)鍙�嗙铏�(h脿o)2PbSO4(s)+2H2O(l)
鏀鹃浕鏅�(sh铆)锛氳矤(f霉) Pb(s)-2e-+SO42-(aq)=PbSO4(s)
姝� PbO2(s)+2e-+SO42-(aq)+4H+(aq)=PbSO4(s)+2H2O(l)
绺� Pb(s)+PbO2(s)+2H2SO4(aq)=2PbSO4(s)+2H2O(l)
鍏呴浕鏅�(sh铆) 闆昏В姹�
闄版サ PbSO4(s)+2e-=Pb(s)+SO42-(aq)
闄芥サ PbSO4(s)+2H2O(l)-2e-=Pbo2(s)+SO42-(aq)+4H+(a
娉�(鍏呴浕鏅�(sh铆)闄版サ鐐烘斁闆绘檪(sh铆)璨�(f霉)妤�)
鐗╃悊妲�(g貌u)鎴�
妲�(g貌u)鎴愰墰钃勯浕姹犱箣涓昏鎴愪唤濡備笅锛�
闄芥サ鏉�(閬庢哀鍖栭墰.PbO2)---> 娲绘�х墿璩�(zh矛)
闄版サ鏉�(娴风犊鐙�閴�.Pb) ---> 娲绘�х墿璩�(zh矛)
闆昏В娑�(绋�纭吀) ---> 纭吀(H2SO4) +钂搁ぞ姘�(H2O)
闆绘睜澶栨 銆佽搵(PP ABS闃荤噧)
闅旈洟鏉� (AGM)
瀹夊叏闁�
姝ｈ矤(f霉)妤垫煴锛屾璨�(f霉)妤垫煴绛�
鍏�(n猫i)闃昏垏瀹归噺闂�(gu膩n)绯�
钃勯浕姹犲収(n猫i)闃昏垏瀹归噺涔嬮枔鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯诲叾涓湁鍏╃ó鍚京锛�
闆绘睜鍏�(n猫i)闃昏窡椤嶅畾瀹归噺鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�锛屼互鍙婂悓涓�鍨嬭櫉(h脿o)闆绘睜鐨勫収(n猫i)闃昏窡鑽烽浕鎱�(t脿i)SOC鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯汇�傚崄澶氬勾鍓嶄汉鍊�?c猫)顗�?j墨ng)瑭﹀湒鍒╃敤闁ユ帶瀵嗗皝閴涢吀钃勯浕姹犲収(n猫i)闃�(鎴栭浕灏�(d菐o))鐨勮畩鍖栧幓鍦ㄧ窔妾㈡脯闆绘睜鐨勫閲忓拰闋�(y霉)娓浕姹犲＝鍛�锛屼絾鍗绘湭鑳藉鎰�;浜哄�戝皪(du矛)鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涢浕姹犵殑澶ч浕娴佹斁闆昏兘鍔涙彁鍑轰簡瓒婁締瓒婇珮鐨勮姹傦紝閫欏氨瑕佹眰鐩″彲鑳介檷浣庨浕姹犲収(n猫i)闃�銆傚洜鑰屾湰鏂囧皣閫�(j矛n)涓�姝ユ帰绱㈠拰闂℃槑涓�浜涘父鐢ㄨ搫闆绘睜鍏�(n猫i)闃昏垏瀹归噺涔嬮枔鐨勫収(n猫i)鍦ㄩ棞(gu膩n)绯汇��
闁ユ帶瀵嗗皝
鐣�(d膩ng)鍓嶉枼鎺у瘑灏侀墰閰歌搫闆绘睜宸查�愭鍙栦唬闁嬪彛寮忔祦鍕�(d貌ng)闆昏В娑查墰閰歌搫闆绘睜锛屽唬娉涚敤浜庨兊闆婚�氫俊闆绘簮銆乁PS銆佸劜(ch菙)鑳介浕婧愮郴绲�(t菕ng)绛�銆傚嫊(d貌ng)鍔涘瀷闁ユ帶瀵嗗皝閴涢吀钃勯浕姹犲凡寤ｆ硾鐢ㄤ簬闆诲嫊(d貌ng)鍔╁姏杌�銆傞�欎簺闋�(l菒ng)鍩熼兘瑕佹眰鍦ㄧ窔妾㈡脯钃勯浕姹犵殑鑽烽浕鎱�(t脿i)銆�
钃勯浕姹犵殑鍏�(n猫i)闃昏窡鑽烽浕鎱�(t脿i)鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�
钃勯浕姹犵殑鑽烽浕鎱�(t脿i)SOC鎸囩殑鏄浕姹犲彲浠ユ斁鍑虹殑瀹归噺璺熷叾椤嶅畾瀹归噺鐨勬瘮銆傞�欎竴鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)灏�(du矛)閮甸浕閫氫俊闆绘簮绯荤当(t菕ng)鍜屾鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄧ殑鍕�(d貌ng)鍔涢浕姹犵祫鍗佸垎閲嶈銆�
澶т簨瑷�
1905骞达紝绗竴鍊�(g猫)钃勯浕姹犵敤浜庢苯杌�(棣栧厛鍙偤鐓ф槑鐢�);
1914骞�锛岀涓�娆″皣鍟熷嫊(d貌ng)鍨嬭搫闆绘睜鐢ㄤ簬姹借粖;
1922骞达紝绗竴鍊�(g猫)BOSCH鎽╂墭杌婄敤钃勯浕姹犲嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ懇鎵樿粖涓�;
1926骞�锛岀涓�鑷�(t谩i)钃勯浕姹犲厖闆诲櫒鍟忎笘;
1927骞翠互鍚庯紝Bosch鍏徃闁嬬櫦(f膩)鍑烘苯杌婄敤钃勯浕姹�銆�
鐧�(f膩)灞曞彶
瑷卞绉戝(xu茅)瀹跺拰鐧�(f膩)鏄庡鍦ㄨ搫闆绘睜鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曚腑鍋氬嚭璨㈢嵒(xi脿n)锛屽Luigi Galvani(绱勫湪1789骞�)銆丣ohn Ritter(绱勫湪1800骞�)銆丄lessandro Ritter(绱勫湪1800)銆丟aston Plante(绱勫湪1859骞�)鍜孋amille Faure锛� 浠栧�戞妸闁嬬櫦(f膩)琚獚(r猫n)鐐烘槸閷�(cu貌)瑾ょ殑闆绘睜鐨勮搫闆绘睜寮曚笂姝ｇ⒑鐨勯亾璺�銆�
19涓栫磤(j矛)鏈�銆傚凡缍�(j墨ng)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熻搫闆绘睜鐨勬煹鏋�锛屽畠鐨勫師鐞嗕粛鏄嚦浠婇墰閰搁浕姹犱娇鐢ㄧ殑閮ㄤ欢銆傝嚜閭ｄ互鍚�锛岄墰閰歌搫闆绘睜鍩烘湰涓婃矑鏈変粈涔堣畩鍖�锛岀附鏄偅浜涘柈鍊�(g猫)闆绘睜锛岀附鏄偅浜涙サ鏉�锛岀附鏄偅妯ｇ殑纭吀娑层�備絾浠旂窗(x矛)瑙�瀵熶汉鍊戝彲浠ョ湅鍒帮細
钃勯浕姹犵殑鑳介噺瀵嗗害宸茬稉(j墨ng)澧炲姞浜嗗咕鍊�;
寤ｆ硾閲囩敤濉戞枡(鏃╂湡闅旀澘鍜岃搫闆绘睜澶栨鐐烘湪鏉�);
绲曞皪(du矛)鍏嶇董璀�(h霉)钃勯浕姹犳垚鐐轰粖澶╁暉鍕�(d貌ng)鍨嬭搫闆绘睜鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)钃勯浕姹�;
澹藉懡锛岄櫎鍊�(g猫)鍒ヤ緥澶栵紝宸叉帴杩�?姹借粖鐨勬暣楂斿＝鍛�銆�
钃勯浕姹犳槸涓栫晫涓婂唬娉涗娇鐢ㄧ殑涓�绋寲瀛�(xu茅)鈥滈浕婧愨��锛屽叿鏈夐浕澹撳钩绌�(w臎n)銆佸畨鍏ㄥ彲闈�銆佸児(ji脿)鏍间綆寤夈�侀仼鐢ㄨ寖鍦嶅唬銆佸師鏉愭枡璞愬瘜鍜屽洖鏀跺啀鐢熷埄鐢ㄧ巼楂樼瓑鍎�(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)锛屾槸涓栫晫涓婂悇椤為浕姹犱腑鐢�(ch菐n)閲忔渶澶с�佺敤閫旀渶寤ｇ殑涓�绋浕姹�銆�
绉戞妧鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曘�佷汉椤炵敓娲昏唱(zh矛)閲忕殑鎻愰珮锛岀煶娌硅硣婧愰潰鑷ㄥ嵄姗�(j墨)銆佸湴鐞冪敓鎱�(t脿i)鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩棩鐩婃儭鍖�锛屽舰鎴愪簡鏂板瀷浜屾闆绘睜鍙婄浉闂�(gu膩n)鏉愭枡闋�(l菒ng)鍩熺殑绉戞妧鍜岀敘(ch菐n)妤�(y猫)蹇�熺櫦(f膩)灞曠殑闆欓噸绀炬渻(hu矛)鑳屾櫙銆傚競鍫寸殑杩垏闇�姹�锛屼娇鏂板瀷浜屾闆绘睜鎳�(y墨ng)閬�(y霉n)鑰岀敓銆傚叾涓紝楂樿兘閹抽帢闆绘睜銆侀幊閲戝爆姘寲鐗╅浕姹�銆侀幊閶呴浕姹�銆佸厤缍(h霉)閴涢吀闆绘睜銆侀墰甯冮浕姹�銆侀嫲闆㈠瓙闆绘睜銆侀嫲鑱氬悎鐗╅浕姹犵瓑鏂板瀷浜屾闆绘睜鍌欏彈闈掔潪锛屽湪涓湅寰楀埌寤ｆ硾鎳�(y墨ng)鐢紝褰㈡垚鐢�(ch菐n)妤�(y猫)骞惰繀鐚涚櫦(f膩)灞�銆�
缇庡湅姹熸．鑷帶鍏徃銆佺储灏�銆佷笁娲�銆佹棩绔嬬瓑鐭ュ悕浼佹キ(y猫)绱涚礇鍦ㄤ腑鍦嬪缓绔嬩簡鑷繁鐨勮搫闆绘睜鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍩哄湴锛岄倓灏囧競鍫村緸澶у煄甯傞�愭鎷撳睍鍒颁腑灏忓煄甯�锛岀敋鑷砃EC銆佸崥涓栦富瑕佷互鐢熺敘(ch菐n)杌熶欢鑸囬浕鍣ㄧ偤涓荤殑浼佹キ(y猫)涔熼枊濮嬪皣妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)鐨勮Ц瑙掑欢浼稿埌鐢熺敘(ch菐n)钃勯浕姹犻牁(l菒ng)鍩熶腑?锛熼悤顗岊倛闀滄尃鍜�?锛屼娇鍦嬪収(n猫i)钃勯浕姹犵敓鐢�(ch菐n)浼佹キ(y猫)闈㈣嚚鏇村姞婵�鐑堢殑绔剁埈銆�
姝ゅ锛岄毃钁楁垜鍦嬫苯杌婂拰鎽╂墭杌婄殑淇濇湁閲忛��(j矛n)涓�姝ョ殑鎿�(ku貌)澶�锛屼互鍙婂湅瀹朵富瑕佸煄甯傚皪(du矛)闆诲嫊(d貌ng)鑷杌婅椐涚殑瑙ｇ锛岄�欏皣閫�(j矛n)涓�姝ュ埡婵�閴涢吀钃勯浕姹犵敘(ch菐n)鍝佸湪瑭查牁(l菒ng)鍩熺殑娑堣不(f猫i)銆�
鍏呴浕
钃勯浕姹犲緸鍏跺畠鐩存祦闆绘簮(濡傚厖闆诲櫒)鐛插緱闆昏兘鍙仛鍏呴浕銆�
鏀鹃浕
钃勯浕姹犲皪(du矛)澶栭浕璺几鍑洪浕鑳芥檪(sh铆)鍙仛鏀鹃浕銆�
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