銆�銆�甯哥敤鐨勫崐灏�(d菐o)楂旀潗鏂欐槸鍠�鏅剁��(Si)鍜屽柈鏅堕嵑(Ge) .鎵�璎傚柈鏅�,鏄�鎸囨暣濉婃櫠楂斾腑鐨勫師瀛愭寜涓�瀹氳��(gu墨)鍓囨暣 榻婂湴鎺掑垪钁楃殑鏅堕珨.闈炲父绱斿噲鐨勫柈鏅跺崐灏�(d菐o)楂旂ū鐐烘湰寰佸崐灏�(d菐o)楂�. 鍒堕�犲崐灏�(d菐o)楂斿櫒浠剁殑鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旀潗鏂欑殑绱斿害瑕侀仈(d谩)鍒� 99.9999999%,甯哥ū鐐�"涔濆��(g猫) 9".瀹冨湪鐗╃悊绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓婂憟 鍠�鏅堕珨褰㈡��(t脿i).

銆�銆�(1)鏈�寰佸崐灏�(d菐o)楂旂殑鍏卞児(ji脿)閸电祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)

銆�銆�纭呭拰閸烘槸鍥涘児(ji脿)鍏冪礌,鍦ㄥ師瀛愭渶澶栧堡杌岄亾涓婄殑鍥涘��(g猫)闆诲瓙绋辩偤鍍�(ji脿)闆诲瓙.瀹冨�戝垎鍒ヨ垏鍛ㄥ湇鐨勫洓鍊�(g猫)鍘熷瓙鐨勫児(ji脿) 闆诲瓙褰㈡垚鍏卞児(ji脿)閸�.鍏卞児(ji脿)閸典腑鐨勫児(ji脿)闆诲瓙鐐洪�欎簺鍘熷瓙鎵�鍏辨湁,骞剁偤瀹冨�戞墍鏉熺笡,鍦ㄧ┖闁撳舰鎴愭帓鍒楁湁搴忕殑鏅堕珨. 閫氬父鎶婂師瀛愭牳鍜屽収(n猫i)灞ら浕瀛愮湅浣滀竴鍊�(g猫)鏁撮珨,绋辩偤鎱ｆ�ф牳.鎱ｆ�ф牳甯舵湁 4 鍊�(g猫)鍠�浣嶆�ｉ浕鑽�,鏈�澶栧堡鏈� 4 鍊�(g猫)鍍�(ji脿)闆� 瀛愬付鏈� 4 鍊�(g猫)鍠�浣嶈��(f霉)闆昏嵎,鍥犳��,鏁村��(g猫)鍘熷瓙鐐洪浕涓�鎬�.閫欑ó绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勭珛楂斿拰骞抽潰绀烘剰鍦栬�嬪�� 1.

銆�銆�(2) 闆诲瓙绌虹┐灏�(du矛)

銆�銆�涓�鑸�渚嗚��,鍏卞児(ji脿)閸典腑鐨勫児(ji脿)闆诲瓙涓嶅畬鍏ㄨ薄绲曠罚楂斾腑鍍�(ji脿)闆诲瓙鎵�鍙楁潫绺涢偅妯ｅ挤(qi谩ng),濡傛灉鑳藉緸澶栫晫鐛插緱涓�瀹氱殑 鑳介噺(濡傚厜鐓�,鍗囨韩,闆荤�佸牬婵�鐧�(f膩)绛�) ,涓�浜涘児(ji脿)闆诲瓙灏卞彲鑳芥帣鑴�鍏卞��(ji脿)閸电殑鏉熺笡鑰屾垚鐐鸿嚜鐢遍浕瀛�.閫欎竴鐝�(xi脿n)璞� 绋辩偤鏈�寰佹縺鐧�(f膩)(涔熺ū鐔辨縺鐧�(f膩)) .

銆�銆�鐞嗚珫鍜屽��(sh铆)椹�(y脿n)琛ㄦ槑:鍦ㄥ父婧�(T=300K)涓�,纭呭叡鍍�(ji脿)閸典腑鐨勫児(ji脿)闆诲瓙鍙�瑕佺嵅寰楀ぇ浜庨浕闆㈣兘EG(=1.1eV) 鐨勮兘閲忎究鍙�婵�鐧�(f膩)鎴愮偤鑷�鐢遍浕瀛�.鏈�寰侀嵑鐨勯浕闆㈣兘鏇村��,鍙�鏈� 0.72eV.

銆�銆�鐣�(d膩ng)鍏卞児(ji脿)閸典腑鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)鍍�(ji脿)闆诲瓙鍙楁縺鐧�(f膩)鎺欒劔鍘熷瓙鏍哥殑鏉熺笡鎴愮偤鑷�鐢遍浕瀛愮殑鍚屾��(sh铆),鍦ㄥ叡鍍�(ji脿)閸典腑渚跨暀涓嬩簡涓�鍊�(g猫) 绌轰綅瀛�,绋辩偤"绌虹┐".鐣�(d膩ng)绌虹┐鍑虹従(xi脿n)鏅�(sh铆),鐩搁劙鍘熷瓙鐨勫児(ji脿)闆诲瓙姣旇純瀹规槗闆㈤枊瀹冩墍鍦ㄧ殑鍏卞児(ji脿)閸佃�屽～瑁�(b菙)鍒伴�欏��(g猫)绌虹┐ 涓�渚嗕娇瑭插��(ji脿)闆诲瓙鍘熶締鎵�鍦ㄥ叡鍍�(ji脿)閸典腑鍑虹従(xi脿n)涓�鍊�(g猫)鏂扮殑绌虹┐,閫欏��(g猫)绌虹┐鍙堝彲鑳借��鐩搁劙鍘熷瓙鐨勫児(ji脿)闆诲瓙濉�瑁�(b菙),鍐嶅嚭 鐝�(xi脿n)鏂扮殑绌虹┐.鍍�(ji脿)闆诲瓙濉�瑁�(b菙)绌虹┐鐨勯�欑ó閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐒¤珫鍦ㄥ舰寮忎笂閭勬槸鏁堟灉涓婇兘鐩哥暥(d膩ng)浜庡付姝ｉ浕鑽风殑绌虹┐鍦ㄩ亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng),涓� 閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鏂瑰悜鑸囧児(ji脿)闆诲瓙閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽.鐐轰簡鍗�(q奴)鍒ヤ簬鑷�鐢遍浕瀛愮殑閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng),鎶婇�欑ó閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)绋辩偤绌虹┐閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng),骞舵妸绌虹┐鐪� 鎴愭槸涓�绋�甯舵�ｉ粸(di菐n)鑽风殑杓夋祦瀛�.

銆�銆�鐣�(d膩ng)鑷�鐢遍浕瀛愬湪閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)閬庣▼涓�閬囧埌绌虹┐鏅�(sh铆)鍙�鑳芥��(hu矛)濉�鍏呴��(j矛n)鍘诲緸鑰屾仮寰�(f霉)涓�鍊�(g猫)鍏卞児(ji脿)閸�,鑸囨�ゅ悓鏅�(sh铆)娑堝け涓�鍊�(g猫)"闆诲瓙 涓�绌虹┐"灏�(du矛),閫欎竴鐩稿弽閬庣▼绋辩偤"寰�(f霉)鍚�",濡傚湒 2 鎵�绀�.鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭韩搴︽�濅欢涓�,鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑"闆诲瓙涓�绌虹┐灏�(du矛)"鍜屽京(f霉)鍚� 鐨�"闆诲瓙涓�绌虹┐灏�(du矛)"鏁�(sh霉)閲忕浉绛夋檪(sh铆),褰㈡垚鐩稿皪(du矛)骞宠　,閫欑ó鐩稿皪(du矛)骞宠　灞�浜庡��(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)骞宠　,閬�(d谩)鍒板嫊(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)骞宠　鏅�(sh铆)"闆诲瓙涓�绌� 绌村皪(du矛)"缍�鎸佷竴瀹氱殑鏁�(sh霉)鐩�.

銆�銆�鍙�瑕�,鍦ㄥ崐灏�(d菐o)楂斾腑瀛樺湪钁楄嚜鐢遍浕瀛愬拰绌虹┐鍏╃ó杓夋祦瀛�,鑰岄噾灞�灏�(d菐o)楂斾腑鍙�鏈夎嚜鐢遍浕瀛愪竴绋�杓夋祦瀛�,閫� 涔熸槸鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旇垏灏�(d菐o)楂斿皫(d菐o)闆绘柟寮忕殑涓嶅悓涔嬭檿.

銆�銆�(3) 绌虹┐鐨勭Щ鍕�(d貌ng)

銆�銆�鑷�鐢遍浕瀛愮殑瀹氬悜閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)褰㈡垚浜嗛浕瀛愰浕娴�,绌虹┐鐨勫畾鍚戦亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)涔熷彲褰㈡垚绌虹┐闆绘祦,瀹冨�戠殑鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽.鍙�涓� 閬庣┖绌寸殑閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鏄�闈犵浉閯板叡鍍�(ji脿)閸典腑鐨勫児(ji脿)闆诲瓙渚濇�″厖濉�绌虹┐渚嗗��(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鐨�.

銆�銆�鍦ㄩ浂搴︽韩搴︿笅锛屽崐灏�(d菐o)楂旂殑鍍�(ji脿)甯舵槸婊垮付锛堣�嬭兘甯剁悊璜栵��锛屽彈鍒板厜闆绘敞鍏ユ垨鐔辨縺鐧�(f膩)鍚�锛屽児(ji脿)甯朵腑鐨勯儴鍒嗛浕瀛愭渻(hu矛)瓒婇亷绂佸付閫�(j矛n)鍏ヨ兘閲忚純楂樼殑绌哄付锛岀┖甯朵腑瀛樺湪闆诲瓙鍚庢垚鐐哄皫(d菐o)甯�锛屽児(ji脿)甯朵腑缂哄皯涓�鍊�(g猫)闆诲瓙鍚庡舰鎴愪竴鍊�(g猫)甯舵�ｉ浕鐨勭┖浣嶏紝绋辩偤绌虹��锛屽皫(d菐o)甯朵腑鐨勯浕瀛愬拰鍍�(ji脿)甯朵腑鐨勭┖绌村悎绋辩偤闆诲瓙锛嶇┖绌村皪(du矛)銆備笂杩扮敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑闆诲瓙鍜岀┖绌村潎鑳借嚜鐢辩Щ鍕�(d貌ng)锛屾垚鐐鸿嚜鐢辫級娴佸瓙锛屽畠鍊�?c猫)璋曟�嗗Χ椴庨�斿瓱搴恆(ch菐n)鐢熷畾鍚戦亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鑰屽舰鎴愬畯瑙�闆绘祦锛屽垎鍒ョū鐐洪浕瀛愬皫(d菐o)闆诲拰绌虹┐灏�(d菐o)闆汇�傞�欑ó鐢变簬闆诲瓙锛嶇┖绌村皪(du矛)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐢熻�屽舰鎴愮殑娣峰悎鍨嬪皫(d菐o)闆荤ū鐐烘湰寰佸皫(d菐o)闆�銆傚皫(d菐o)甯朵腑鐨勯浕瀛愭渻(hu矛)钀藉叆绌虹┐锛屼娇闆诲瓙锛嶇┖绌村皪(du矛)娑堝け锛岀ū鐐哄京(f霉)鍚�銆傚京(f霉)鍚堟檪(sh铆)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鑳介噺浠ラ浕纾佽蓟灏勬垨鏅舵牸鐔辨尟鍕�(d貌ng)鐨勫舰寮忛噵鏀俱�傚湪涓�瀹氭韩搴︿笅锛岄浕瀛愶紞绌虹┐灏�(du矛)鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐢熷拰寰�(f霉)鍚堝悓鏅�(sh铆)瀛樺湪骞堕仈(d谩)鍒板嫊(d貌ng)鎱�(t脿i)骞宠　锛屾�ゆ��(sh铆)鏈�寰佸崐灏�(d菐o)楂斿叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑杓夋祦瀛愭績搴�锛屽緸鑰屽叿鏈変竴瀹氱殑闆诲皫(d菐o)鐜�銆傚姞鐔辨垨鍏夌収鏈�(hu矛)浣垮崐灏�(d菐o)楂旂櫦(f膩)鐢熺啽婵�鐧�(f膩)鎴栧厜婵�鐧�(f膩)锛屽緸鑰岀敘(ch菐n)鐢熸洿澶氱殑闆诲瓙锛嶇┖绌村皪(du矛)锛岄�欐檪(sh铆)杓夋祦瀛愭績搴﹀�炲姞锛岄浕灏�(d菐o)鐜囧�炲��銆傚崐灏�(d菐o)楂旂啽鏁忛浕闃诲拰鍏夋晱闆婚樆绛夊崐灏�(d菐o)楂斿櫒浠跺氨鏄�鏍规��(j霉)姝ゅ師鐞嗗埗鎴愮殑銆傚父婧�涓嬫湰寰佸崐灏�(d菐o)楂旂殑闆诲皫(d菐o)鐜囪純灏�锛岃級娴佸瓙婵冨害灏�(du矛)婧�搴﹁畩鍖栨晱鎰燂紝鎵�浠ュ緢闆ｅ皪(du矛)鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旂壒鎬ч��(j矛n)琛屾帶鍒�锛屽洜姝ゅ��(sh铆)闅涙噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄤ笉澶�銆�